The only canon ships are the Kelvin, and that ship model in Sisko's office. And there is some doubt about the one in the office, although I take it as actual.
Yeah, basically the name "Daedalus" is canon (and the
Essex, the ship that class was reffering to in TNG's "Power Play"). However, there's no true canon evidence that the ship with the spherical primary hull is a Daedalus class ship, despite what the ST Encyclopedia says. Of course most people connect the two anyway, so it's up to you what to believe.
Ah, yes, the Kelvin. If we speculate the life of a starship is maybe 50 years, the Kelvin could have been brought into service around the turn of the 23rd century. It would have been getting long in the tooth by the movie, but it didn't exactly look state of the art.
It was stated (and shown) in the Star Trek '09 documentaries on the BluRay that the
Kelvin was already an old ship by the start of the movie. I don't know if it would be as old as 50 years, though.
I'd also suggest that the Kelvin kitbashes seen in STXI (Newton, Mayflower, Armstrong etc - all built from the same components), or at least their classes, are as old as the Kelvin.
I would disagree, if only because their registry numbers were far higher than the
Kelvin's...unless those particular ships were the brand-newest ships in existence (one ship's reigstry is even higher than the nuEnterprise's, so that's possible)
As far as any other canon ships go, here's what I came up with:
1. The "warp 7 beauties" Malcolm Reed speaks of in TATV (but that we unfortunately didn't see...obviously these were the successors to the NX-class).
2. Various DY-class ships that were in operation both before and after the formation of the Federation, although there's no evidence that Starfleet used DY-class ships.
3. The old "Class-J" training starships with the baffle plate problems that Pike was injured aboard. I would prefer that Harry Mudd's "Class-J cargo ship" was NOT the same type of ship as the Starfleet training vessel.
4. The
Horizon, the
Archon, and the
Valiant, all pre-TOS Starfleet vessels, none of which have canonical class designations (The former two ships being Daedalus class is from the Encyclopedia).