Yes, the new movie did have to change things in just the way it did. Here are the other options and why they would not have worked:
1.
Don't use the TOS characters. To the average person, Trek = Kirk, Spock, Enterprise. By far the best chance of success was to use the TOS characters and general setting.
2.
Use the remaining TOS actors in the movies. Leaving aside that this approach has a finite lifespan and the reboot happened under the assumption of many, many years of profits, we all know that audiences won't go to see the adventures of senior citizens, unless it's being played for laughs.
3.
Set the story in a whole new canon, without any reference or connection to past history besides window dressing elements and proper names. The movie could have made tons of money with this approach. The average viewer understands the basic recognizable elements like "Spock has pointed ears" but doesn't know or care about the minutae Trek canon. I suspect the reason that this option wasn't pursued was because Abrams & the gang didn't feel comfortable using the Trek name while being so utterly disrespectful of Trek lore. The fan rebellion wouldn't have counted for much, but Robert Orci is a Trekkie and it would have been pretty crass of them to cynically make money off the Trek brand name as a mere marketing device.
4.
Adhere zealously to Trek canon. That would have put the writers in a creative straightjacket and I don't blame them for refusing to do that. Nobody wants to feel that they're limited in the stories they can tell and that for instance, McCoy's life can never be threatened because we all know he lives to be 120.
So, they chose to set the story in a new universe for the purpose of being free to tell the stories they want. So why not blow up Vulcan? That's not the Prime Universe Vulcan, so if it bugs you that it's been blown up, just remember that the one we've seen in all TV shows and movies other than Trek XI is doing just fine back in its own universe.
I was just hoping (obviously against all reason) that eventually they'd do another show set after the events of Voyager, say in the early 25th century. I'm sad to agree that that is a pipe dream that would never occur.
Any Trek series on TV is unfortunately a pipe dream right now, but that's because CBS has no motive to take the risk on a space opera series - CBS doesn't show sci fi of any sort - and Trek XI has not made it more or less likely that a TV series would exist.
The reason we won't see a 25th C series is because Trek on TV tanked, and nothing has changed in the TV biz to make it more likely that Trek would do better on TV. Space opera on TV as a genre has died. The movie didn't do that, either.