Look, I do not wish to be the next 3D_Master but Star Wars is fantasy and Star Trek is science-fiction. That's just how it is.
I was thinking of a different way to better identified sci-fi vs fantasy. Take the technological details out of the equation. If the story remains, it's fantasy. If not, it's sci-fi.
Now you're just reasserting your original point, without a great deal of support. Again: the wide range of productions widely described (by people other than you and me) as "sci-fi" include a lot of things that DO NOT expound on the technical details behind them. Sci-fi productions don't have to, and failing to do so makes them "soft" by definition.
Hard sci-fi may include things like detailed (made up) explanations of the technology and its workings, and some may even attempt to include a tech manual or supplemental source materials. But that is not a requisite for science fiction, only that someone in the story is aware that science--not magic or mystery or divinity--is responsible for the devices provided.
Star Wars is commonly described in mainstream media as "sci-fi fantasy" which is basically extremely soft-science fiction. Sci-fi action adventure tends to be harder, since these are usually set closer to present-day settings. Sci-fi drama is usually hardest of all, but only because the kinds of people who watch dramas are assumed to be more sophisticated in the first place and won't be swayed so easily be kewl explosions and one-liners.
So let's take some examples--REAL examples--and you can find me a source somewhere that describes them as something other than Sci-fi.
The Divine Invasion - Science fiction or fantasy?
The Martian Chronicles - Science Fiction or fantasy?
Dune - Science fiction or fantasy?
Childhood's End - Science fiction or fantasy?
Snow Crash - Science fiction or fantasy?
Neuromancer - Science Fiction or fantasy?
The Matrix - Science fiction or fantasy?
Strange Days - Science Fiction or fantasy?
Contact - Science fiction or fantasy?
Each of these stories hinges on the development of technology--in some cases HUGE and widespread applications thereof--whose actual workings is left completely unexplained and nobody has any idea how it works except the characters who designed it. The Divine Invasion actually describes a plot by Jesus Christ to smuggle himself past an interplanetary embargo in the womb of a virgin. Childhood's end is little better, and depicts the human race destroying their planet after the inexplicable development of godlike psionic powers.
I have never heard ANYONE describe these novels as something other than science fiction; it would be absurd to do so, as in the case of "Electric Sheep" where the creation of the androids is described in only the most abstract terms and is implied to be at least partially biological, but never articulated in any meaningful way.
Of course, I could use one of your own examples:
Now take V-Ger out of the Motion Picture. A MAN-MADE PROBE CONFUSED ABOUT ITS OWN PROGRAMMING returning to fullfil its purpose but destroying its very creator in the process, thus preventing its own purposes. It's not just a dangerous dragon, it's created by man, by technology...
And it is--like Commander Data and other android stories--merely a rehash of the old Pinochio archetypes: a man-made creation that becomes sentient and seeks to become "real." Pinochio, in turn, is a rehash of the old Grimoires where the Golem gains a soul after its creator gives it the ability to speak, and it then learns the art of sorcery in order to become an actual living person.
When your creation is a wooden doll that has magically gained self-locomotion, or even a clay mannequin animated by a spell, what you have is fantasy. Replace the doll with an android, a space probe, a clone, a hologram, or even a sophisticated AI in a similar environment, you have science-fiction. This is why "A.I." is considered a science fiction movie despite the fact that it's basically a modernized Pinochio story. We don't know how David works, and we don't care, because we know he's an android and we know that he was created using science. We know this because David's creator knows this, and that makes this the science fiction version of Pinochio.
Dune was pointed earlier as a point of contention on this matter stating that it's drug enduce space folding capability is completely made-up. It's not.
Uh huh... because it's perfectly grounded in scientific theory that if you smoke enough marijuana you will gain the ability to create warps in the fabric of space time with your mind.
That the concept is highly important to the progression of the story doesn't change the fact that it is COMPLETELY MADE UP. That it's analogous to something realistic doesn't change this either. You seem to have overlooked the fact that the Spice--and Arrakis, and the sand worms that are central to the whole process--are also completely made up.
The mistake is limiting the science portion of sci-fi to technology
No. The mistake is confusing science fiction with technological futurism. Science fiction as a genre describes the setting and background, and little else. Sort of like how "realistic fiction" implies settings grounded in mundane reality or "historical fiction" implies settings intertwined with historical events or set in the past. Pure fantasy requires only the removal of scientific
explicability from the story; Lord of the Rings would indeed make the jump into sci-fi fantasy (an extremely soft variety thereof) if Sauron was reveled to be some type of alien intelligence bent on conquering their little planet (Like Krull, for example, generally considered a sci-fi fantasy story).