I tend to doubt either of those ships had families on them. Likewise with the Tsiolkovsky.
Then again, the
Tsiolkovsky had some 80 people aboard, when the crew requirement for ships of that design can be as low as seven (TNG "Interface"). Since the
Tsiolkovsky was engaged in a longterm survey of a dying star, I wouldn't wonder a bit if some of the scientists brought along their families.
The point about childproofing the consoles is a good one; I don't see a reason to assume that any Starfleet ship type would be technologically
incapable of accommodating a civilian presence, including young children. The assignment would be the defining factor.
I think we're using two different definitions of "military."
We could even be looking at three different ones.
Not too long ago, "military" referred to ground forces specifically, and was basically the opposite of "navy" or "naval". Said "military" had few if any noncombat roles, as a standing army was an economically unfeasible concept for any purpose other than active warfare. In sharp contrast, a navy back then could afford and indeed had to perform secondary roles, because a navy always has to be "standing" - a warship cannot be "drafted" at a moment's notice the same way a rifle batallion can.
Today, it is fashionable to define "military" as encompassing all "branches" of armed forces, including ground troops, navies, air assets, space assets, logistics, intelligence, communications and so forth. The playing field is different now, and there are no sharp contrasts between an army and a navy: both rely on permanently existing, hyperexpensive infrastructures and combat assets, and have to find peacetime justification for their existence. But the future is unknown, and in Star Trek, weird is par for the course.
It would explain a great many things if "military" again specifically referred to ground combat forces in the 22nd to 24th centuries. There would be perfect justification for Archer and Forrest's distrust of "the military" in ENT "The Expanse", then, even when the United Earth Starfleet itself clearly is a combat force, with Archer commanding a regular contingent of heavily armed troops aboard a heavily armed starship throughout the first two seasons - it would be classic interservices rivalry, with the "Navy" distrusting the "Army".
There would be justification for Picard's line in "Peak Performace", too. When he says outright that "Starfleet is not a military organization - our purpose is exploration", he could be expressing disgust at those subtypes of combat forces that concentrate solely on warfare. The 24th century Military would be like that, while the 24th century Navy, that is, UFP Starfleet, would not.
That is, Picard wouldn't be saying that Starfleet's sole purpose is exploration and that Starfleet doesn't do combat. He would be saying that Starfleet is an organization that can do other things besides combat (quoting as proof the fact that "their", that is, Picard's great warship's, current purpose was exploration), and thus shouldn't stoop down to the mindless war drills that are a defining part of ground forces (aka the Military) which in the 24th century have nothing else to do besides doing war and practicing for it.
The 24th century Military might not really be a bunch of warmongers, but the excuse for holding such a view would certainly exist if this suborganization had no secondary
raison d'etre.
Timo Saloniemi