I know Alice in Wonderland is specifically referenced in an episode during the season, but I saw a video on social media which argues the connection is supposed to be much, much more explicit to the point that the beats of the entire season is basically a retelling of the story within the framework of Star Trek.
Michael = Alice. Just like Alice, almost all of the characters look down on Michael at first, belittle her, and think she's a bother. Also, just as Alice, part of Michael's backstory is that she doesn't fit in very well within any of the places she's found herself. And, eventually within the story, we go through the "looking glass" (The Mirror Universe).
Also...
Voq = The White Rabbit
Larell = The Queen of Hearts
Tardigrade = The Catepillar
Lorca = The Mad Hatter
Stamets and Mirror Stamets = Tweedledum and Tweedledee
Tilly = The Cheshire Cat
Michael = Alice. Just like Alice, almost all of the characters look down on Michael at first, belittle her, and think she's a bother. Also, just as Alice, part of Michael's backstory is that she doesn't fit in very well within any of the places she's found herself. And, eventually within the story, we go through the "looking glass" (The Mirror Universe).
Also...
Voq = The White Rabbit
Larell = The Queen of Hearts
Tardigrade = The Catepillar
Lorca = The Mad Hatter
Stamets and Mirror Stamets = Tweedledum and Tweedledee
Tilly = The Cheshire Cat