The right of the people to chose their own leaders is a pretty basic right.
For humans today, I agree. But this is science fiction.
It's not difficult to imagine a species for whom leadership is genetically determined and selection against that is biologically impossible for them. I'm not talking benevolent dictator necessarily; it could be as simple as... mom.
If I were, for whatever reason, forced to choose between the right of every citizen to select their leader democratically and the right of every citizen to have their government act in their interest, with the understanding that the government would have to actually act in the interests of all its citizens and never misdefine interest to benefit some at the expense of others, I'd have to say that I'd be leaning awfully hard towards the latter.
Another alternative that might make a great science fiction story is choosing the leader randomly, once per year, like jury duty. A species that did that might do it because they have better outcomes than allowing the majority to decide who rules.
A third is rule by computer. I've seen
Star Trek, so I'm fully aware of "Return of the Archons" and "The Apple," and I've seen the film
Logan's Run, which tell stories of people enslaved by computers that limit and subjugate the citizenry. Again, this is science fiction, and it's entirely plausible that sometime in the future some colony or group of people will attempt to have their community essentially governed by computer. If the Federation were to judge the merits of such a system, they would be looking at whether the sacrifices that were demanded of people were reasonable and just, and what their quality of life was, whether they were free to leave (and if not, why not).
A thought that comes to mind is that we don't really know anything about the Bynar form of government. Perhaps they have no leader, and every decision is made by direct democracy, so that every citizen is a leader, and there's a fourth alternative.