Why would there be waiters in StarFleet? They'd contract out private staff from the regular civilian crowds. Same with the barbers.
So, they're second-class citizens eternally stuck in menial roles under the supervision of Starfleet officers and unable to progress or develop because they're "not worthy". Real inclusive that...
Lab Assistants would go to junior officers or low ranking crew in the specific fields.
What low ranking specialists?
You've specifically banned any specialists
from Starfleet by insisting that anyone who enters has to get a broad education bachelor's degree before they're "worthy" but on a Starfleet uniform.
Security Guards, we have StarFleet Security for that. They have their own tactical training.
Nope.
Specialist training
only in your subject of interest isn't allowed. You have to take an America-style "broad education" Bachelor's Degree.
MedTech's would still have to go to school (My Mom was a Med Tech, took 4+ years of schooling to get her degree). Paramedics would have their own training route. Gardener's, they'd hire from the civilian world.
Yeah, but I bet that she didn't spend all four plus years stuck in a classroom learning only theory. Even where paramedics
do require a degree for independent practice, they usually follow the "learn the basics, then go out into the real world and learn while getting experience" route.
The issues of limiting gardeners to only civilians has the same problem, if not more so than waiters or barbers.
QuarterMasters would be it's own section in logistics.
Same issue here.
To be clear, I actually agree that the
hard ceiling that most modern militaries still have by
default due to the different entry points
is obselete and would require reform to be fit for purpose, but IMO a philosophy that allows
anyone to contribute in their own way and develop themselves without artificially imposed limits is far more inclusive and desirable than one that creates a two-tier system regardless of the criteria used.
One possible system for specialists and junior officers that combines elements of various systems could be:
Trainee/Cadet: New Entry undergoing initial theory instruction in their primary role. This assignment is held for no more than one year by default.
Crewman/Midshipman: After ITI, candidates are posted to assistant positions in the field to gain practical experience. Crewmen will complete their familiarisation in their primary role and retained "deployable" status, whereas Midshipmen will return to the Academy for undergraduate training. This period is variable but typically less than six months.
Warrant (Specialist) Officer: Crewmen are promoted to this rank automatically upon demonstrating the ability to work independently in their primary role. Further leadership courses may lead to promotion to Chief Warrant (Specialist) Officer, however WOs may also remain at this rank or pursue a wider undergraduate degree program for promotion to Ensign.
Chief Warrant (Specialist) Officer: Acts as leader of small teams within larger departments and up to Head of Department on smaller vessels. As with WOs, they may remain at this rank or pursue an undergraduate degree for promotion.
Ensign: Most Midshipmen are promoted to this rank after completion of their undergraduate degree at Starfleet Academy or equivalent Member World facility. Acts as Duty Officer or Assistant Head of Department when deployed.
Lieutenant Junior Grade: Select Midshipmen and Warrant Officers (and most CWOs) are promoted directly to this grade, otherwise Ensigns are promoted to this rank after their first tour. Acts as Duty Officer, Assistant Head of Department or Head of Department when deployed.