I went to the library yesterday hoping to check out the book “Won’t Get Fooled Again: From ‘Lifehouse to Quadrophenia’” by Richie Unterberger, but it was checked out.
It is made up of archival and contemporary interviews with almost every person involved in the making of ‘Lifehouse’/’Who’s Next’/’Rock Is Dead – Long Live Rock’/’Quadrophenia,’ and, which I consider the definitive story on the making of the albums. So, I’m doing this from memory. Any mistakes/omissions are mine.
1970 saw The Who at a crossroads/quandary – How to follow-up one of the most successful albums and tours of their career, ‘Tommy’.
They had been recording songs sporadically throughout the early part of 1970 and had amassed a total of approximately 10 songs, which at various times was announced as part of a new album, or an EP.
However, none of the songs would be considered top-caliber by The Who standards, and most would trickle out as B-Sides and on compilation albums over the coming years.
It wasn’t until October 1970 when Pete Townshend wrote and recorded the song ‘The Note’ (aka ‘Pure And Easy’) that the idea for ‘Lifehouse’ began to take shape in his mind.
So, what is ‘Lifehouse’?
‘Lifehouse’ was to be a multi-media experience, encompassing a double-album, concert and film.
The actual story of ‘Lifehouse’ is thus . . .
The story is set approximately 30 years in the future, at the dawn of the 21st century.
Earth has become a blighted, polluted wasteland, where people crowd into cities and live in ‘experience suits’ which provides for their every need. It feeds, entertains and pacifies the populace.
The ‘experience suits’ are connected to The Grid which controlled by the character ‘Jumbo’ (‘Behind Blue Eyes’). Jumbo has complete control/authority over The Grid and edits/manipulates memories/experiences of the populace as he sees fit. Rock music is outlawed.
Bobby, a rebel not attached to The Grid, finds an abandoned radio station which he dubs ‘The Lifehouse’ and begins broadcasting music to the outside world in the hopes of drawing people to the station where they can experience ‘the one note’ (‘Pure and Easy’); which will synchronize everyone and bring transcendence to the world.
Up in Northern Scotland, ‘Out in the fields’ (‘Baba O’Riley’), one of the last unpolluted placed on Earth, Ray, his wife Sally and their daughter Mary, live in a caravan commune growing turnips.
One day, Mary (‘Mary’ the ‘Greyhound Girl’) intercepts one of Bobby’s broadcasts and runs off to London to find the source of the signal and is captured by Jumbo; later to be rescued by Bobby.
Ray and Sally follow (‘Goin’ Mobile’).
The four storylines converge at the end with Jumbo’s troops storming the Lifehouse where a rock festival is being held (‘Won’t Get Fooled Again’).
The One Note is achieved and everyone at the concert and those connected to The Grid who witnessed the event simply vanish, transcended to a higher level; leaving Jumbo alone on Earth (‘The Song Is Over’).
To us, the reader, looking back on this through the lens of the 21st century, Pete Townshend is describing the internet and virtual reality. However, when Pete tried to describe this to his fellow bandmates and members of the press, he was met with confusion/skepticism.
Now, for a slight digression.
This is where the Star trek/The Who connection comes in. (Which I think I might have mentioned in the 'Trek Guest Actors In Maybe Surprising Roles' thread.)
Herb Solow, who was president in charge of production at Desilu studios and who had overseen the development of ‘Star Trek’ and ‘Mission: Impossible,’ had left Desilu shortly after being acquired by Paramount Pictures and moved over to MGM studios where he was in charge of motion picture development.
In mid–1970, Herb Solow was approached by two young filmmakers with a script for a movie called ‘Guitar Farm’. (This is where I would liked to have had the book with me, because is contains a synopsis of the movie; something I can’t adequately do justice. The best way I can describe it is, think of the tv show ‘Lost’ combined with The Righteous Brothers song ‘Rock and Roll Heaven.’ An island where the spirits of dead musicians go to create music in the afterlife.)
Herb Solow liked the idea and asked who would contribute music for the movie. It so happened that these two men were neighbors of Pete Townshend, so a meeting was held in California between Herb, Pete, and the two screenwriters. This was shortly after Pete had begun writing the songs for ‘Lifehouse.’
This is where memories get fuzzy, no one can say for certain if Pete was only going to contribute one song or an entire soundtrack. Anyway, Pete went off to write a song which would be the centerpiece of the movie, and when a second meeting was held a few weeks later, Pete brought a song with him (and this [the song] that Pete brought with him, everyone can agree on) was the following
Teenage Wasteland - Pete Townshend Demo - YouTube
Which begs the question – Was ‘Teenage Wasteland’ a song originally written for the movie ‘Guitar Farm,’ or a ‘Lifehouse’ song repurposed for the movie.
Anyway, plans for the movie fell apart and the song eventually found its way onto ‘Lifehouse.’
Now, back to the story.
The initial plans were for a series of concerts to be held at ‘The Old Vic’ auditorium, where The Who would perform selections from the songs ‘Lifehouse’ and gauge the audience reaction.
Every audience member would have a ‘reading’ taken of them before the concert in order to find the right ‘note,’ and the band would incorporate those ‘notes’ into the performance. Once everyone was on the same ‘frequency’ harmony was to be achieved.
The concerts were recorded and, at one point, were going to be incorporated into the ‘Lifehouse’ album as part of the concert that the characters listen to before achieving transcendence.
Things didn’t go as planned and a month-long residency ended after only four performances, with unruly crowds demanding the band to play their hits.
Disillusioned, the band moved onto the next portion of the ‘Lifehouse’ project, recording the album.
The band convened at New York’s Record Plant studios to begin work on the album.
However, the recordings sessions didn’t go as well as planned and ended after only three/four days with seven songs in various stages of completion.
The reasons for this are twofold.
One, their producer Kitt Lambert, had a serious drug problem (the reason for Kitt wanting to record in New York was the easy supply of cocaine) and was barely able to function, often passing out on the mixing console.
Two, Pete overheard Kitt saying that the songs and the Lifehouse concept were no good and that he didn’t understand it.
Pete, disillusioned, took to drinking heavily and contemplating suicide.
The remaining sessions were cancelled and the band flew back to England where they rested and regrouped.
Pete approached producer Glyn Johns about producing ‘Lifehouse.’ Glyn listened to Pete, his demos and the songs recorded at the Record Plant and agreed to do the album on two conditions – One, no songs from the Record Plant be used, they would start from scratch; and two, that ‘Lifehouse’ be scrapped and the double-album be whittled down to a single with only the songs Glyn though good enough be on it.
Pete, tired of having to explain the Lifehouse concept, agreed, and the band went to work at Olympic Studios London.
The rest they say, is history.
Pete, however, would never fully give up on the ‘Lifehouse’ concept and would attempt to resurrect it over the years, with songs new songs appearing on the albums ‘Who By Numbers’ and ‘Who Are You’ and Pete’s solo album ‘Psychoderelict’ and the ‘Lifehouse Chronicles’ box set.
As for the songs themselves, Pete had eighteen songs written for ‘Lifehouse’ – they are as follows (with the albums they appear on in parenthesis).
1) Baba O'Riley [Who's Next]
2) Bargain [Who's Next]
3) Love Ain't For Keeping [Who's Next]
4) Song Is Over [Who's Next]; The
5) Getting In Tune [Who's Next]
6) Goin’ Mobile [Who’s Next]
7) Behind Blue Eyes [Who’s Next]
8) Won’t Get Fooled Again [Who’s Next]
9) Greyhound Girl (Demo) [Lifehouse Chronicles]
10) I Don’t Even Know Myself [Who’s Next 2003 2CD Deluxe Version Bonus Track]
11) Let’s See Action [Who Next 1995 CD Bonus Track]
12) Mary (Demo) [Lifehouse Chronicles] – This one is interesting; everyone recalls a full band version of this song having been recorded at Olympic Studios, but no studio documentation or tapes have been found.
13) Naked Eye [Odds And Sods]
14) Pure And Easy [Odds And Sods]
15) Teenage Wasteland [Lifehouse Chronicles]
16) Time Is Passing [Odds And Sods]
17) Too Much Of Anything [Odds And Sods]
18) Two Of Us (Demo) [Unreleased]
As for the song that started it all ‘Pure And Easy’ – why did it not end up on ‘Who’s Next’, even though
it was recorded for the album?
Two explanations have been given – One, Glyn thought it too similar to another song ‘The Song Over’ or ‘Getting In Tune’ (I can’t remember which). The other is that the song was sacrificed to make room for John Entwistle’s ‘My Wife’. Which is ironic because John wasn’t happy with the version recorded for ‘Who’s Next’ and would re–record (an inferior version) of the song for his solo album ‘Rigor Mortis Set In’.
Also, there’s never been a tracklist for ‘Lifehouse’ – Pete has said that the album/tracks could be listened to in any sequence. It was more about the journey than the destination. What is known is that ‘Teenage Wasteland’/’Baba O’Riley’ would open the album and ‘Won’t Get Fooled Again’ would segue into ‘The Song Is Over’ to close it.
I have twenty–five tracklisting from various bootlegs I’ve found online over the years and no two are alike.
Personally, I think the best reconstruction of ‘Lifehouse’ can be found on the website/blog ‘Albums That Never’ by soniclovenoize. He recreated the double album and uses crossfades and edits to make the songs flow as one continuous piece of music; as well as including liner notes and album artwork.