Not the way the Egyptians built them. Their techniques were something different from what ours would be. (
link)
Someone already tried to pick a fight with me about this earlier. He felt like he was really gunning for it too. Basically the last thing I was expecting. So I thought, "Yeah, if I knew he was going to come on
this strongly, I wouldn't have said anything at all because this isn't how I want to spend my New Year's Eve!" It caught me off-guard. So it's not exactly a rabbit-hole I want to go down again.
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But my main point was it's not just level of technology, it's also resources available and knowing how to harness those resources to actually get the Spore Drive. Any data the Federation used to have was wiped out. Presumably in 2258. So now they're trying to figure out "How did they do it before?"
In an ideal situation, they would've assigned Stamets off Discovery. But because Discovery can't operate its Spore Drive without Stamets, they had to have him stay there.
The technology for the Spore Drive was invented in the 23rd Century but never perfected. So in the third season, Starfleet had to pick up where it left off 930 years ago but with all the tools rearranged and some of them no longer available.
The key thing that made the Spore Drive work was Tartigrade DNA. But they've established that Tartigrades are now extinct. So that's a major missing piece.
Here's two real world, space related examples to buttress your point.
Rocketdyne (now Aerojet Rocketdyne) built the mighty F-1 engine of the Saturn V's first stage between 1978 and 1973. From planning to first firing, it only took a few years. Several dozen were produced for Apollo Flights, Skylab flights and testing. And then in the early 1970s, with the end of the Apollo program, no more were made. The line ended.
Fast forward 50 years, in the mid 2010s, NASA began looking into what would be the "Advanced Booster" for the Space Launch System (still forthcoming) that would replace the 5 Segment Solid Fueled Rocket Boosters inherited and modified (from a 4 segment configuration) from the Space Shuttle in the mid 2020s. That competition is still ongoing. Aerojet Rocketdyne's proposal is the F-1B engine that would reimpliment something F-1 like, but be considerably different. It would have far fewer parts, a more simplified cost effective design, and an entirely different construction approach. The wields done for the Apollo program were essentially artistry in part, honed by master level wielders who learned their craft during World War II. Modern fabrication simply doesn't do wielding like that anymore because things are built different and and joining pieces is done differently (and often lighter). The F-1B would share the name and kind of resemble the F-1 in performance, but would be an all new engine. And it's development cost would match it: 5 years and at least $2 billion. Because even with modern technology Aerojet could not straight up impliment something they did 50 years ago.
A similar example is with the J-2X engine as part of the cancelled Constellation program a decade ago. Constellation was the SLS's predecessor. The J-2X was the engine desinged to be used as the 'Earth Departure Stage" engine for the Ares V and the upper stage of the Ares I. The J-2X's heritage was the J-2 Engine used on the S-II and SIVB stages of the Saturn I and Saturn V rockets. That was its foundation. The J-2 was also the direct predecessor of the Space Shuttle Main Engine, the RS-25D. But the J-2X, despite having general design heritage, turned out to be a very different animal. It was far more efficient and simplier to build. It had far fewer parts and better cooling. Like the F-1B example above, it used modern construction methods and joining approaches (wields) rather than replicate what was done with the J-2. The cost of it? About four years and $1.5 billion.
Here's a slide showing just how the "modern reimplementation" of the J-2 ended. You can see some of the similarities, but there are far more differences.
And that's just 50 years. That was the result of Aerojet Rocketdyne getting out of the F-1 / J-2 manufacturing business, losing that floor knowledge, moving onto new business and new technology (and engines) becoming their focus. So when the time came to try and re-impliment their old designs, a straight up redo was out of the question and a heavily modified modern engine that borrowed the still relevant elements was the only answer.
So in Star Trek Discovery, after 930 years, Starfleet not having done anything with Spore drive technology is entirely believable. Unless it kept at it the entire time, it wouldn't be any better off than 22nd starfleet. Its means of manufacturing an eventual drive may be far superior and its final design more elegant and efficient. But the process of understanding the science and engineering behind it and implementing a basic 32nd century version would be as painful as in the 22nd century, or in 2010s our reality with these very real engines.
One thing I would like to see Discovery touch on more though is Quantum Slipstream. Book mentioned it offhandedly in the first episode. I always thought that Quantum Slipstream was Voyager's most sigificant legacy from the Delta Quadrant... the breakthrough propulsion technology that 250 years later was finally a real advance over the Cochrane Warp Drive. That finally provided a way to explore and travel further and faster that the failed Excelsior Transwarp Drive project attempted. Warp Drive opened local space, but with Slipstream, the entire galaxy would be open to Starfleet.
I always liked the books approach of Warp Drive being relatively local space propulsion and Quantum Slipstream being for long haul travel. I hope we find that's what Starfleet eventually did. It would be a little bit disapointing to find that their 31st century and 32nd century ships are capable of just Warp 9.9999 utilizing an engine technology that has enjoyed evolution, but not revolution, in a millennium.
If only Discovery didn't bind the "Jump" drive concept of next-gen propulsion to the asinine "galactical mycelial network" nonsense that exists because Bryan Fuller read about real life scientist Paul Stamets on wikipedia and decided to make a character about him.