You're probably thinking of the post-finale novels Homecoming and The Farther Shore by Christie Golden, in which there was a "holo-strike" engineered by a radical human adherent of the Doctor's activism. But that happened only in the novels, not in canon. Since "Endgame" concluded right after Voyager returned to the Alpha Quadrant and before it reached Earth, there was no canonical exploration of what happened afterward until Lower Decks, Prodigy, and Picard filled in some of the blanks.
Also, the novels' holo-strike storyline was kind of odd, because it seemed to assume that all holograms were sentient instead of just a rare few -- although that could've just been the radical character's delusion, because IIRC he was reprogramming the holograms to make them rebel. But the duology never clarified which it was.
And it's worth pointing out that the synths at Utopia Planitia didn't "rebel" either, since they were (also) nonsentient and were programmed to go crazy. It was perceived by the public as a synth rebellion, but in actual fact it was an act of sabotage by the Romulan Zhat Vash.