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PD breaking individuals, SoD spoilers...

captcalhoun

Admiral
Admiral
in Sword of Damocles, Riker lists a bunch of people who violated the PD...

when did McCoy, Sisko and Calhoun violate the PD?

I'm guessing from context (serious repercussions) the Kirk instance would be 'A Private Little War', for Picard 'Homeward'...

Other than Gill, Jameson and Tracey and those above, are the others from any novels or just names?
 
Nope. All of them breached the PD in novels, comics, animation or Canon, with the exception of B'Liit, who was invented by me.

TOS era breaches are fairly common.

McCoy left his communicator behind in A PIECE OF THE ACTION and MARRIED the tribal leader of Yonada, ultimately leading to that people's discovery that they were on a space ship rather than a planet as they had (mostly) always believed. he also saved Edith Keeler's life resulting in the creation of an entire alternate timeline in which the Nazis took over the world.

Sisko was the EMISSARY, for God's sake. He, more than any individual, changed the face of Bajoran society simply by accepting that role and, in RAPTURE, prevented them from joining the Federation.

In one of his first adventures Calhoun interferes with the internal working of a planetary government in order to get some hostages freed. The ends were fine but he broke the PD to achieve them and changed the planetary culture by fomenting a fairly bloody revolt.

While the PD is most often invoked as a reason not to interfere with pre-warp societies, it has 47 sub permutations that relate to various other or tangential forms of interference and was the primary reason the Federation did not come to Bajor's aid when Cardassia invaded and occupied.
 
RedJack said:
McCoy left his communicator behind in A PIECE OF THE ACTION and MARRIED the tribal leader of Yonada, ultimately leading to that people's discovery that they were on a space ship rather than a planet as they had (mostly) always believed.

I'm not sure the latter is really a PD violation. I could go the legalistic route and point out that they were essentially the crew of an interstellar spacecraft and so the PD didn't apply. But I think instead I'll say that the 23rd-century Starfleet wouldn't have embraced the extremist 24th-century PD interpretation that says "We should leave them all to die so we don't risk harming their culture." If the PD is about protecting a culture's freedom to grow naturally, then making sure they don't die is a valid first step. And even if they hadn't been on a collision course, they still would've found out the truth a year or so later when they reached their destination. To borrow a term I've picked up from Law and Order reruns, I'd say that would count as an inevitable discovery exemption. :D

Sisko was the EMISSARY, for God's sake. He, more than any individual, changed the face of Bajoran society simply by accepting that role and, in RAPTURE, prevented them from joining the Federation.

Technically he just advised them to postpone joining. The PD doesn't forbid offering advice to Federation allies, and certainly not to potential members. Indeed, I would assume that in any membership consideration, there would be UFP personnel who would evaluate a planet's status and make a ruling on whether or not it should be granted membership. We've seen that before, with Picard and the Kesprytt in "Attached" -- he advised against granting their membership petition.

While the PD is most often invoked as a reason not to interfere with pre-warp societies, it has 47 sub permutations that relate to various other or tangential forms of interference and was the primary reason the Federation did not come to Bajor's aid when Cardassia invaded and occupied.

I always saw that as being more a matter of practicality. What could the Federation have done? If they'd used military force to try to fight off the occupation, it would've just led to open war with Cardassia, with Bajor caught in the crossfire. That would've been far worse for the Bajorans in the long run, and for millions more as well.
 
I was always of the opinion that the Prime Directive should never have applied to Bajor anyway -- the Bajorans natural development had been well and truly shitcanned by the Cardassians. Thus Picard's advice to Sisko that he not violate the Prime Directive in "Emissary" never made any sense to me. The damage had been done by someone else, and now the Federation was playing the humanitarian.
 
I don't think you can undersell the influence of a non-Bajoran who just happens to be the physical representative of the planetary dieties giving "advice." Sisko accepting the role of Emissary is a sufficient civilization altering breach IMO. The fact of him in that role caused or fueled more political strife and influenced hosts of decisions on every social level that would have, perhaps, gone differently without him.

Of all of those mentioned I'd say Sisko's breach was the most far-reaching and invasive. The instant he accepted Emissary status he changed the course of Bajoran society forever.

As for the Fabrini, yes, they would have either died or discovered their fate eventually but it's logical to assume that their foreparents, the builders of Yonada, would have included a gradual reintegration into normal space to ease them into the knowledge they were on a ship the whole time. The activities of the landing party forced them to make that leap far more quickly than they otherwise would have.

And I think the creation of an entire alternate universe, based solely on preventing the death of a citizen in a pre-warp society, certainly counts as a violation.
 
Allyn Gibson said:
I was always of the opinion that the Prime Directive should never have applied to Bajor anyway -- the Bajorans natural development had been well and truly shitcanned by the Cardassians. Thus Picard's advice to Sisko that he not violate the Prime Directive in "Emissary" never made any sense to me. The damage had been done by someone else, and now the Federation was playing the humanitarian.

Well, as I alluded to above, part of the Prime Directive is astropolitical -- you don't force your policies on a foreign government or take sides in their internal conflicts, you just advise and offer humanitarian aid and support in a nonpartisan way. I'd assume that's the facet of the PD that Picard was referring to -- the part that said Bajor was an ally but still had the right to make its own decisions rather than being dictated to by a foreign military.


RedJack said:
I don't think you can undersell the influence of a non-Bajoran who just happens to be the physical representative of the planetary dieties giving "advice." Sisko accepting the role of Emissary is a sufficient civilization altering breach IMO. The fact of him in that role caused or fueled more political strife and influenced hosts of decisions on every social level that would have, perhaps, gone differently without him.

Of all of those mentioned I'd say Sisko's breach was the most far-reaching and invasive. The instant he accepted Emissary status he changed the course of Bajoran society forever.

Well, you can't "change the course of history" (without time travel) because it hasn't been predetermined. Any culture's history naturally includes shifts in direction as a result of shifting circumstances and external contacts. (The Prime Directive notion that a culture can only develop "naturally" if it's entirely insulated from external influence is completely ridiculous. The incorporation of external ideas and influences is how most cultures grow and evolve; it's only unhealthy when those ideas are imposed by force.)

I will concede that once Sisko accepted his Emissary role, he should have resigned from Starfleet to avoid potential conflicts of interest. But I won't accept that it's somehow wrong for an outsider to assume a significant role in someone else's culture.

And Sisko didn't alter Bajoran civilization by accepting the Emissary role. It altered him. The idea and mythology of the Emissary had already been part of Bajoran culture for tens of thousands of years. He simply played the role that the culture (and the Prophets) chose him to play. The decisions that the Bajorans made, the changes that they brought about, were the outgrowth of their own beliefs and agendas, using the emergence of the culturally predefined figure of the Emissary as the focus for those decisions. The motivations for change came from within (or from the Prophets, who are not pledged to honor the Prime Directive). Sisko was more an instrument for those internal forces than an agent of Starfleet-imposed change.

In fact, that's a very good model for how cross-cultural interaction often happens. The myth is that the advanced civilization comes in and forces disruptive new ideas and political agendas on the poor helpless natives. The reality is that the visitors often unwittingly find themselves used to advance or catalyze the agendas and rivalries that already exist within the society. Cortez and his few dozen soldiers didn't overthrow the Aztecs singlehandedly; they provided assistance and weaponry to the thousands of oppressed Mexica who hated and feared the Aztecs and wanted them overthrown. (I wrote a college paper about another, subtler example; it's online here. Beware, it's rather jargon-heavy.)


As for the Fabrini, yes, they would have either died or discovered their fate eventually but it's logical to assume that their foreparents, the builders of Yonada, would have included a gradual reintegration into normal space to ease them into the knowledge the were on a ship the whole time. The activities of the landing party forced them to make that leap far more quickly than they otherwise would have.

But it was the malfunction of their engines that forced the landing party to go there in the first place. And that was because a planet with billions of inhabitants was endangered. Kirk's actions were a necessary response to that.

(And didn't I establish in Ex Machina that they weren't originally supposed to be ignorant of the fact that they were on a ship? That this was itself the result of a change in their culture over time?)

And I think the creation of an entire alternate universe, based solely on preventing the death of a citizen in a pre-warp society, certainly counts as a violation.

You're talking about "City on the Edge" again? That might be covered by the Temporal Prime Directive, but it was hardly an intentional act. Also, I don't think the Temporal Prime Directive even existed in the TOS era.
 
We're just going to have to differ on the Emissary thing. I don't agree that people from outside a culture who assume powerful roles in that culture can be absolved of diverting said culture's natural evolution. Sisko's learning curve alone would have created massive ripples in Bajoran society as his near complete ignorance of their faith would have engendered near constant faux pas activity.

I know I'm treading in your area with EX MACHINA (not my aim, obviously) but, in my view, you don't set people on a multi-generational interstellar journey without giving thought to cultural evolution. the tech necessary to simulate life on a planet for the "crew" rather than simply building them a big ol' battlestar would, IMO, almost certainly have to have been designed to fool subsequent generations. Why create an illusion if not to mislead?

As for the alternate timeline issue, Star Trek has always played fast and loose with the Many Worlds theory. Whole episodes and films have been based upon fixing "broken" timelines when, of course, no such breaking or fixing is either possible or necessary. Since Star Trek accepts both breakage and fix, we have to credit McCoy with the creation of the Nazi-verse, intentional or not. That's a pretty big PD breach regardless of the existence of the temporal directive. He was in a pre-warp society whose development he diverted with a single act. An alternate timeline is, by definition, not one's own, therefore covered by the PD just as a new civilization would be in one's own universe.

Riker doesn't say the breaches are always negative. He doesn't say anything about that. Obviously almost all the known outcomes of intentional PD breaches are fairly positive. the issue is that the outcome of any breach can have unforeseeable consequences. And, of course, he has skirted the issue many times himself.
 
RedJack said:
We're just going to have to differ on the Emissary thing. I don't agree that people from outside a culture who assume powerful roles in that culture can be absolved of diverting said culture's natural evolution.

I for one reject the concept that a culture's evolution is somehow unnatural if it incorporates information or influences from outside that culture. It would be unnatural not to incorporate external influences. By that logic, the natural development of the United States has been diverted by the invention of the World Wide Web.
 
The natural course of North American civilization was diverted by the intrusion of Europeans. As was that of Africa and Central and South America.

If I place a guy born and raised in New york city in Tibet as as the new Dalai Lama, you can bet the culture will be radically altered by that placement.

For the better? For the worse? Not my call.
 
RedJack said:
The natural course of North American civilization was diverted by the intrusion of Europeans. As was that of Africa and Central and South America.

But how is that "unnatural?" Doesn't the natural course of any civilization include influence, even interference, from other cultures? Cultures don't exist in vacuums.
 
By that reasoning there should be no PD at all. Any contact is allowed, pre warp or not. Any influence is allowed whether or not it's Ferengi angling for unrestricted profit or Jem Hadar slaughtering everybody. It's all good. Societies bump against each other, after all, and it's all just part of evolution.

Since that is not the position taken by the Federation and since different writers interpret the PD differently, it's my position that a HUMAN occupying the position of BAJORAN spiritual leader/liaison with God is sort of a massive deviation from the normal evolutionary pattern of the society.

And, of course, high ranking members of Starfleet agreed as there was considerable pressure put on Sisko NOT to accept the position and then, once he occupied it, to remember where his allegiances really were, iow: not with Bajor.
 
RedJack said:
By that reasoning there should be no PD at all. Any contact is allowed, pre warp or not. Any influence is allowed whether or not it's Ferengi angling for unrestricted profit or Jem Hadar slaughtering everybody. It's all good. Societies bump against each other, after all, and it's all just part of evolution.

I said nothing about "good" or "bad." I was objecting to the characterization of those interactions as unnatural. And, yes, to my mind, any contact between cultures is natural.

There's a difference between saying that the Federation ought not to interfere in a foreign society -- in other words, ought not to impose its will -- and saying that the Federation should not have any contact with them.
 
Have we ever gotten any kind of story about the exact origins of the PD? Debates like this always make me wonder what the story behind it's creation is.
 
RedJack said:
We're just going to have to differ on the Emissary thing. I don't agree that people from outside a culture who assume powerful roles in that culture can be absolved of diverting said culture's natural evolution.

As I said, a culture's "natural" evolution includes outside influences. It's perfectly natural for cultures to interact and exchange ideas and innovations -- that's the primary mechanism that's driven cultural growth in human history. Why do you think three major world religions were born in the Middle East? Because it's a natural crossroads where different cultural ideas and traditions meet, interact, and spark innovation. It's IDIC in action.

The original idea behind the Prime Directive was to forbid Starfleet from imposing its will on other cultures, and to act against other powers that were imposing their wills. As we saw in various TOS episodes, giving a culture the freedom to make its own choices often involved making them aware of the existence of the outsiders who were manipulating them and cooperating with them in removing that influence.

The 24th-century PD has gone to a much more condescending, paternalistic extreme, making the anthropologically incompetent assumption that the "natural" path for a culture is absolute isolation and that any external influence is somehow "contamination" that must inevitably damage the culture. That's not right, either factually or ethically. There's a huge difference between giving people the freedom of choice and assuming they're too fragile to handle a choice.

Sisko's learning curve alone would have created massive ripples in Bajoran society as his near complete ignorance of their faith would have engendered near constant faux pas activity.

Again, that's making the simplistic assumption that the only person with agency in the interaction is the outsider. It's ignoring the role the Bajorans themselves play in the process. Sisko wasn't telling the Bajorans what to do; they were telling him, every step of the way, how to be the Emissary. They were plugging him into the role they needed him to play, despite all his best efforts to avoid it. He didn't need to have a full understanding of their faith, because they understood it and it was their understanding that guided their interactions with him. As for Sisko himself, he never imposed his own will upon the Bajorans. The only times he actively spoke as the Emissary with the goal of guiding their policy, it was because the Prophets had shown him a vision of the future. It was the wormhole aliens, not Benjamin Sisko or Starfleet, who were delivering those messages to the Bajoran people. And arguably the wormhole aliens have been an integral part of Bajoran culture for tens of millennia, so even that qualifies as an internal interaction. Sisko was just the messenger. That is what the word "emissary" literally means, after all.

I know I'm treading in your area with EX MACHINA (not my aim, obviously) but, in my view, you don't set people on a multi-generational interstellar journey without giving thought to cultural evolution. the tech necessary to simulate life on a planet for the "crew" rather than simply building them a big ol' battlestar would, IMO, almost certainly have to have been designed to fool subsequent generations. Why create an illusion if not to mislead?

It's not an illusion. It's environmental engineering. Humanoids evolved on planets and are adapted to them. If you create an artificial environment where generations of human(oid)s will live, it's logical to design it so that it replicates natural environments and cycles. (Cf. any proposed megastructure such as an O'Neill Colony, a Ringworld, an Orbital/Halo, etc.) Also, Yonada needed an environmental regulation mechanism capable of functioning for 10,000 years, and a self-sustaining biosphere is a more sensible approach than a bunch of machines. "A big ol' battlestar" might be good for battle, but it makes no sense as a place where several hundred generations of civilians will live out their entire lives.

Since Star Trek accepts both breakage and fix, we have to credit McCoy with the creation of the Nazi-verse, intentional or not. That's a pretty big PD breach regardless of the existence of the temporal directive.

It's a pretty big intervention, sure, but I think it's stretching the legal definition to lump it under "Prime Directive breaches" rather than some other label. There is also the fact that it was not an intentional, premeditated act, and therefore can't fairly be claimed as evidence of a pattern of Prime Directive violation. (Unless you're arguing that this and the Iotia communicator incident prove a pattern of reckless neglect.)


RedJack said:
The natural course of North American civilization was diverted by the intrusion of Europeans. As was that of Africa and Central and South America.

But the word "natural" is a value judgment. The idea that there's some preordained "normal" path for a culture to take that is thrown off by external contact is totally false. It incorrectly assumes that the form a culture had at the time of contact represented the way it had always been prior to that contact, and that the fact of change was an anomaly. Nothing could be further from the truth. Cultures routinely change and evolve. That is the natural course of any civilization: to become different from one generation to the next.

After all, there was no such thing as "North American civilization." There were hundreds, thousands of distinct civilizations in North America, and they often interacted with one another, influenced each other, absorbed new ideas and technologies from each other. The assimilation of external influences had always been part of their natural existence. The Europeans were just the latest set of visitors. The same was true of Central and South America, Africa, Asia, anywhere else you care to name. Europe did far more damage to the Americas with its microbes than with its ideas, or even with its technologies. The indigenous Americans were actually pretty successful at repelling European conquest for nearly a century before European diseases wiped out the vast majority of the Americas' population and devastated their civilizations. And many of the early European settlers found themselves captured and assimilated into Native American communities; look up "captivity narratives" sometime. The European settlers were as changed by the contact as the Native Americans were, up until the point that disease tipped the balance. United States culture is still influenced by Native American culture to this day; Ben Franklin got the idea for democracy as much from the Iroquois as the Greeks.

Then there's the case of a backwater civilization called Europe, about six to nine centuries ago. These backward, superstitious, impoverished people began traveling to the East and were exposed to radical new ideas and technologies from the more advanced and worldly civilizations of Asia -- things like the compass, the printing press, the stirrup, the lateen sail, carbon steel, and gunpowder. They turned out pretty well as a result of that interaction.

There is no "natural course" for any civilization. The only thing that's natural or normal is change -- change that is usually due to the natural, normal process of contact with outside cultures.
 
RedJack said:
By that reasoning there should be no PD at all. Any contact is allowed, pre warp or not. Any influence is allowed whether or not it's Ferengi angling for unrestricted profit or Jem Hadar slaughtering everybody. It's all good. Societies bump against each other, after all, and it's all just part of evolution.

No, because the alternative to one extreme is not automatically the opposite extreme. The best alternative is a healthy middle ground.

A healthy Prime Directive would say "Don't force your values on another civilization; give them the freedom to choose for themselves." It would not say "Keep them ignorant even if it destroys them because they're too stupid to handle new knowledge."

History is replete with contacts that have gone badly and contacts that have gone well. Generally, things go wrong when one culture imposes itself on the other, not when each culture takes what it wants from the interaction. When Europeans gained knowledge from Asia, they used that knowledge to suit their own values and agendas, and so it was beneficial to them (though not so great to everyone else). When other cultures were visited by Europe, those cultures found their own values and agendas forcibly suppressed, and so it was harmful to them. The myth of the Prime Directive is that it's the contact itself that's harmful. The reality is that it's not the contact, it's the coercion. It's the difference between consensual sex and rape.


...it's my position that a HUMAN occupying the position of BAJORAN spiritual leader/liaison with God is sort of a massive deviation from the normal evolutionary pattern of the society.

Why does his race matter so much? The coming of the Emissary was prophesied millennia ago. It is part of the evolutionary pattern of Bajoran society. And it led to Ben Sisko becoming assimilated into Bajoran society. He thinks of himself as Bajoran now, embraces many Bajoran values and customs. How does the biological fact of his humanity have such devastating impact on their culture, when from a cultural standpoint he's acting as a Bajoran, and more specifically fulfilling a role that's been expected by Bajoran civilization for longer than humans have had civilization?


Sci said:
I said nothing about "good" or "bad." I was objecting to the characterization of those interactions as unnatural. And, yes, to my mind, any contact between cultures is natural.

There's a difference between saying that the Federation ought not to interfere in a foreign society -- in other words, ought not to impose its will -- and saying that the Federation should not have any contact with them.

You've got it exactly right, Sci. A noninterference policy is good. Equating any and all contact with harmful interference is a naive oversimplification.
 
Well, what can I say? Again, we differ.

The Bronx-born and raised Dalai Lama is a sound analogy. Such an individual would completely divert if not destroy Tibetan society as the Chinese well know. It's why they replaced the Panchen Lama with a ringer. And this is a wholly human interaction between two relatively similar human societies. Bajor is a whole other planet. The Emissary is to the planet Bajor what the Dalai Lama is to Tibet. Planet Tibet.

I believe Sisko being human, raised somewhere other than Bajor and having not the faintest clue about the subtleties or inner workings of the Bajoran faith, would have necessarily created massive frictions and schisms within that culture whether he chose to be passive or active in his interactions as Emissary. His choice to participate means that all his subsequent choices, passive or active, exert extra-cultural influence on a society we've been told is thousands of years old and has its dogmatic lifeview firmly and nearly universally entrenched. That, to me, is the definition of a PD breach. One of.

And, yes, our guys should stand by and let people continue to to slaughter each other or worship the flying spaghetti monster or eat their own young if that's what those cultures enjoy.

While it's true there were bunches of individual cultures on the continents cited, it is also true that, were it not for the need of Europeans to expand and absorb, the vast majority of those cultures would have developed along massively different and, in many cases, preferable lines. Presuming continued existence is preferable to obliteration which, of course, I do.

I do think McCoy was a bit cavalier in many of his dealings. And I do hold him responsible for the Nazi-verse. So he makes my list of PD violators. YMMV but that's the fun.

I don't find the 24th century PD paternalistic. I find it respectful. It just needs a bit more flexibility in terms of the technological advancement plank.
 
RedJack said:
Since that is not the position taken by the Federation and since different writers interpret the PD differently, it's my position that a HUMAN occupying the position of BAJORAN spiritual leader/liaison with God is sort of a massive deviation from the normal evolutionary pattern of the society.

And, of course, high ranking members of Starfleet agreed as there was considerable pressure put on Sisko NOT to accept the position and then, once he occupied it, to remember where his allegiances really were, iow: not with Bajor.
Huh? When was there "considerable pressure" on Sisko not to accept the position? He was practically dragged by the scruff of the neck out to Bajor, and he was openly talking about resigning his commission before he encountered the Prophets. And once the whole Emissary thing became known, did one admiral lift a finger to get him out of his delicate situation? Even when he gave them a perfect pretext to do so -- defying orders to abandon DS9 and directly resisting the Circle's coup -- they reinstated him immediately.

If Sisko's position among the Bajorans was truly a PD issue, wouldn't at least one admiral raised the question at some point over the course of seven years? I mean, we're not talking about an "only Nixon could go to China" thing, where Sisko couldn't have been replaced by any one of a thousand officers. And yet, Starfleet Command said, "So, some of them think you're the messiah. No big whoop."
 
I seem to recall an office scene where an admiral expressed precisely the concerns we're talking about. And Sisko too.

First season. But it's been a while.

And, again, I didn't have Riker say that all the breaches were bad. Troi says only that they changed the societies, that they were significant in that respect. The implication, at least my implication, is that ANY significant change to an alien culture by outsiders, however well-intentioned, is wrong. It's arrogant to assume otherwise IMO.

To me that externally inspired change, for good or ill, is a breach of the PD.

EDIT:

pg 405 DS9 Companion. Ron Moore says about Sisko and his treatment in the series almost verbatim what I have expressed here. The rest of the page dovetails with my description and interpretation of RAPTURE as well.

Sisko always uncomfy with his role. Starfleet equally so. He finally tips in favor of really committing to being the Emissary which, by definition, creates ripples back home. It is in no way out of school for other officers to have formed the opinion that Sisko's participation in the Bajoran culture was a PD breach.
 
Of course, the whole Emissary routine put Starfleet in a double-bind. It's worth remembering that Sisko's status was imparted to him by certain members of the Bajoran religious establishment, not through any act or desire of his own. He didn't impose his will on Bajor--Bajor asked for his input. And yes, Starfleet was distinctly uncomfortable with all this (I remember the scene Redjack is referring to), but if they re-assigned Sisko in consequence, then they're deliberately removing a religious icon from the proximity of Bajor, not something likely to make one's new allies happy, and essentially snubbing one of the most influencial bodies on the planet by declaring "You're wrong; our officer isn't this emissary guy, and you can't have him." Ultimately, Sisko never coerced anybody into accepting his status as emissary or, when he had embranced the role, into accepting his decrees. Whatever external changes Sisko's participation in Bajoran spiritual life might have wrought, the Bajorans essentially did it to themselves, first by foisting the role onto him, and then trapping themselves into a system of belief that disproportionally empowered the so-called emissary, whoever he may be (as the djara fiasco revealed).

Fictitiously yours, Trent Roman
 
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