Hey why can't we have a nuclear powered aircraft like the Fireflash from Thunderbirds? That was an airliner, though it had some technical problems on its first flight haha.
- After 9/11 we spent tons of money retrofitting nuclear reactors to be more resistant to airliners crashing into the containment vessel. Putting the nuclear reactor into the plane itself kind of negates the point.
- The risk from crashes and midair explosions raining radioactive materials over a city or forest or water supply is too great.
- The heavy radioactive shielding required to protect the passengers and crew from exposure largely offsets the fuel savings (the nuclear-powered bomber tests we ran in the 50s consisted of a specially built heavily shielded separate cockpit section for the crew).
- What do you do with all the spent nuclear waste from the flights?
- The advantage to nuclear-powered aircraft is the long unrefueled loiter time in the air (good for pre-ICBM-era bombers when this was seriously being considered). However, that is contrary to passenger and transport travel demands where there is a need to constantly be loading and offloading passengers and cargo from various destinations. Some aerospace designers have proposed conventionally-powered docking aircraft that take passengers and cargo up to and down from the constantly circling nuclear-powered airliners, but that introduces a great deal of extra complexity and safety concerns to the mix.
- Cumulative radiation exposure risk to long term pilots and crew is too great.
- Some nations have strong anti-nuclear policies that might make landing these jets in or over-flying their territory unfeasible.
- Accident investigation and reconstruction made all the more difficult due to the radiation exposure risk.
- I'm not sure if they've overcome this problem or not, but some of the nuclear-powered engines were good for cruising but lacked sufficient power for takeoff, landing, and heaving maneuvering of planes the size of jumbo jets, in which case you'd need to carry additional conventional engines and fuel that would be useless for the majority of the flight and just take up weight and space.
- In order to be efficient and competitive on fuel savings, the planes would have to be massive, like twice the size of conventional jumbo jets, in which case they'd be limited in the number of airports that could handle their size, wingspan, weight, and servicing needs.
There are a few advantages to the idea of nuclear-powered airliners but a whole host of problems associated with their use.