On the voting tabs in the last episode, the Ferengi were marked as representing the "Ferengi Alliance" but Cardassians were representing "Cardassia". This suggests to me that Cardassia is a full member state of the Federation, with the Union being long defunct (subsided into a larger polity, a la Bajor or some conqueror) or maybe just a planetary group, but the Alliance is either semi-independent (a protectorate government or just heavily allied with the UFP) or completely independent (a la "United Earth and Titan") and represents multiple systems and not just Ferenginar.
Going back to the source in Scavengers, the Ferengi aren't marked as a Zone. Only the Cardassian Zone and Klingon Zone are marked that way. The Ferengi Territory is a thing. If my theorizing holds a candle, then Zones might be held by UFP members, and Territories by UFP allies or others. This would suggest that the Klingons (Qo'noS?) are one of the 30 surviving Federation members in 3189.