- You don't need that many torpedoes to kill one dude on a planet. One would suffice, and maybe bring an extra one.
They were supposed to kill him from the edge of the neutral zone. That wouldn't be a precision strike targeted directly at him (if it was, Kirk wouldn't have the moral question of "firing torpedoes at the Klingons"). The goal of that attack was ostensibly to FLATTEN THE ENTIRE KETHA PROVINCE and take Harrison with it. A random explosion in an abandoned city might not get that much attention, but having some aliens role up and bomb half a continent from deep space would be a massive provocation.
The whole reason Kirk went after Harrison in person was because he realized that flattening Ketha Province was a horrible idea, and still would have been even if their warp drive hadn't failed.
- The Enterprise suddenly became equipped with torpedo launchers on the side of the ship. These are later called "tubes". It's ridiculous that it would have so many launchers. Are they all on the same side of the ship?
No, it actually seems like the ship has between 15 and 30 tubes on either side. I tried to plot their locations last year based on the interior/exterior visuals and found that it's probably closer to 25 on each side.
I'm actually VERY happy with this new configuration, because it never made sense to me for starships to spit photon torpedoes one at a time through a single launch tube that only faces forward. Those launchers were originally created the way they were because at the time photon torpedoes were envisioned to be complicated energy bolts that exploded when they hit their targets; if they're just ordinary missiles (which they have been since Wrath of Khan) then the bulky torpedo tubes cease to make sense.
The script explicitly states that the fuel components were removed so the cases can be retrofitted to store the crew-members. So what the hell would have happened if Sulu didn't hear from Harrison (we never saw whether he did or not) and he decided to "unload the entire payload"? They had no fuel and would have probably not launch at all.
I am 99% sure that Marcus was playing Kirk and intended for the torpedoes to soft land so that Khan would lead his platoon of augments in a "Bay of Pigs" style invasion of Qonos. Khan betrated Marcus, partially because he's the only person on Earth old enough to remember what a total fiasco Bay of Pigs really was, but also because he doesn't want to rule a toxic shithole of a planet like Qo'nos and figured out he could use Kirk's moral fortitude to have his people delivered to a much more attractive target.
- But my biggest problem is at the end. The Enterprise is critically damaged, and there are gaping holes in the hull and there's red alert with an eminent threat, and somehow Spock manages to find enough experts to take the cryo-tubes out of the torpedoes and re-arm the torpedoes (of course, the ship took heavy damage but none of the torpedoes ever got hit). And all this experts did this in less than five minutes.
it doesn't take that long to get the crew OUT of the torpedoes. Also, he only would have had to arm ONE of them.
What's actually kind of silly is the ADF novelization that implies not only did they arm the torpedoes, they also replicated fascimiles of the bodies so Khan wouldn't notice anything was wrong if he scanned them.
Because Khan says the "torpedoes are still in their tubes".
You see the same graphic he sees when he says "they're still in their tubes." You're seeing the exact same thing he's seeing. Significantly, you know exactly as much about the Enterprise's design as Khan does.
So look at that graphic and tell me with confident: ARE those torpedoes still in their launch tubes? Or are they simply in the weapons bay and Khan doesn't know any better?