Based on its etymology, "Proctology" is obviously the study of university officials. Or English lawyers.
Vulcan: Vulnerable + Can = emotions bottled up. It's so obvious! Kirk: "Church" (Scottish) - clearly derived from the fact that women worship him.
Nurse Chapel: from "chaps" (leather pant legs) + "elle" (woman). Probably named by Roddenberry based on a weekend they spent at a dude ranch. Uhura: "uhu" (german for "owl") + "a" (makes any name feminine). Because she has to turn her head around a lot to talk to the captain. It's all so clear now!