AggieJohn wrote:

Well I would imagine that the Federation respects to governments of each planet as long as they adhere to certain "national" laws like equal rights to all citizens and ect.
|
Comes back to Ardana, a federation member, which pretty obviously doesn't have equal rights, and whose system was known about prior to the event of the episode in TOS.
|
... and they elect a president who is essentially a prime minister.
|
The federation council might elect someone from the existing council, who would then preside over council meetings. Strickly speaking there would be no separate "executive branch."
|
considering the Federation seems more like the UN than the US
|
In two different episodes, the federation is referred to as "an alliance," first by Kirk (TOS)and later by Daniels (ENT). The UN would be a better model than the US.
|
I would suspect there is not a popular vote for the President.
|
Not impossible, but cumbersome.
Especially if some member planet populations have no historical tradition of democracy.