Deks wrote:

1. We have no concrete evidence that suggests a larger ship would have 'more shield generators'.
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it might be more accurate to say the Enterprise possesses more shield capacity, owing to it's large size and the need to enclose it.
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2. Large warp core doesn't equate 'more power'.
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A ships warp core is it's energy source, it's engine. All things being equal, a physically larger engine denotes more ability to generation power.
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It could though mean that the Galaxy class can go on for 5 years without refilling
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But that's not the warp core, that would be the antimatter storage or bottles, which are separate.
The Defiants proximity to the JemHadaar ships was of little consequence.
Phasers have a maximum effective range of 300 000 km
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These two statements counterdict each other. If phaser emissions don't lose power over distance, then there wouldn't be a maximum effective range of only a single light second.
EmperorTiberius wrote:

3. Longer phaser arrays with more space inside to house the supporting equipment
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The phaser array isn't just what you see running along the outside of the hull. There would be a internal mechanism extending down into the ship. Regardless of the length of the strip, Voyager has less internal volume to have the same size mechanism as the Enterprise.